Rotary cutting tool



0t.19,17937. .-f MILLE'R 2,096,056'- y i `ROTARY CUTTING; TooL V Filed March 25, 195e w- RH n u N R M o Nk n a 5 HY l Fan Parental oa. 19,;is37

N. LI., assumito' y 1 'murmur-nana company, JerseyoitmN. Jg, a" jfffcorporation of New Jersey [fg/Application Marchas, iascg'seriai 10.703252 z claims. (crass- 12) This invention relates soil'ncutting tools, and more particularlyA to` rotary cutting tools;and the method vof use .of such tools for drilling wells and )the like and which operate to cut annular chan- 5r nelswin the earth formativonjto sever cores theref ufrom.

' Heretofore, in' the operation of devices of this f f the annular type. ,It comprises anxouter tubular vcharacter it has lbeen, kcustomary to direct 1 a stream of water into thewhole being drilled throughout the entire ldrilling period inzorder to -maintain a clean working surface for the cutting tool. As will be readily appreciated, the yincessant delivery of water to the cutting tool through- .v out a period of time `requiredfor cutting a core of even moderate. dimensionsY results inthe accumulation of an extremely large` volume ofv water vin the .drill hole, and the ,operation-of removing such water in order thataccess may be had to the I .core greatly delays the progress of the work;

It is accordingly an objectf'of the inventionvv to eliminate the necessity of handling undue quam.

titles of flushing liquid. i y

Another object is to assure a clean working `surface for the cutting elements of the cutting tool.

part pointed out hereinafter.

In the drawing accompanying this specification and in which similar-reference numerals referto similar parts,

Figure 1 is an elevation, partly broken away, of a rotary cutting tool constructed in accordance with the practice of theinvention and driving mechanism therefor,

Figure 2 is a transverse view taken through which is centralized with respect to th drill hole 25 by means of pointers 2,6,which are threaded 5o into the guide member 24 and engage thejwall of the drill hole 25. The upper end of the stem 23 `may be connected to a. cable 21 or other suitable `device whereby the drilling apparatus may be raised and lowered into the drill hole 25. 55 The rotary movement of the motor 2l is trans- Other objects will be in part obvious and in vrectly rinto the drill hole 25 without passing it" y A The pressure fluid suppliedV to thechamber 3,8E *3 v mitten through,suitablefgtaing` is Ytol asm'ft 2s vconnectedto thecutting too1'20.. The shaft; 23 :preferably consists of .upper `Aand lower sections 30 `and 3 I, respectively, vwhich.are-'connected1to1L A gether by a coupling device 32.

. .The rotary cuttingtoolqZ,,constructed '1n' accordance` with the practiceofthe invention, iso! member 33 containing a ,transverse plate orwall 34,` to whichthe shaft section 3`I-is secured,1as by 10V,l

bolts 35. The transverse plate 34 is locatedin` termediate the endsA of. the `tubularmember 33 and the space within the member33 and above `the platev34 constitutesa chamber I9 wherein the` i cuttings, rising inthe'drill hole, may-accumulate. 15

y.Withinthegtubular:member 331s a second itubmar member ssrhavinga-wau a1 at its-inner i '.end,wl1ich,.in the -assembled positions'. of the tubularr members, isxspacedf'with respect to the -.plate"34-and cooperates therewith' and with the4 20 tubular. member 33k to" define. ai chamber A38 Vfor pressure.iiuid,.vas for `example 'compressed air.

lSuch pressure fiuid is conveyed vto the chamber 38 bya passage 39 in the shaftl's'e'ction 3l:v and thei t plate 34.` f

'Ihe tubular members 33 and 33 are maintained in coaxial relationship with respect toV each other by strips or plates 40 extending longitudinally of the tubularmembers andto which Y they may be fixedly secured, in any well known 30 y,

mannenas by welding. y'I'he plates 40 arespaced with respect to each other to dene therebetween and between the tubular members 33 and '3B passages 4| through which pressure uid. may

flow from the chamber 38`to the cutting end 42 of 35 the tool 20.

In this end of the tool are formed'a series of inclined slots 43 which extend through' the members 33 and 36 and into the plates 40 to` define cutting teeth 44 wherebyvthe annular kerf 451s cut into the rock to sever the core 46 from 4.oV

the mass.

Thecutting tool may be of any suitable length and is, during its operation, immersed in a body of liquid 41. The liquid extends above the cut-'- ting tool only a suiiicent distancev to enable-the y 'l cuttings floating therein torise .above theac` cumulator chamber I9. The liquid 41; employed for this purpose may be pumped orpoured dithrough the drilling apparatus.

is conveyed into the drill .hole bya hose 48 lead- Y ing from a suitable source of pressure fluid supply. InA the lower endof the hoseis a`r'1oz`zlel 49 which' extends into a box 50 disposedabout 55K"v 4o --the surface when the drilling mechanism is with- The box may besecure'd y-to the'shaft `vin any suitable manner and its Y interior communicates with the vpassage y The. 49 extends, in the present. Y instance. into a hopper 53 which serves to guide ,f abradingLmaterlal, for examplechilledshot I,

1I.)r y to the cutting teeth Il. t The operationof the device .and the method outlet end ofthe .nozzle through ports v52 in the shafty section 3i.

into the passage 39.. T hefabradant 54l may be conveyed into, the hopper by the hose` and ,passesr through the channels injthe 'Gutti tool of drilling therewithl are-as follows: AfterV the work `*is sufllciently advanced so that ythe 'cut-v ting tool lies'below the surface of the ground, the entire body' ofj liquid ll-ius'ved throughout "the into the drill hole.

drilling operation is placed The volume` ofiiquidused forfthis purpose vafries, of course. "with the diameter and lengthA of Y the cutting toolbutshould be of such extent that the column of liquid extends about onefootL Y v 'above the lcutting f took, The amount of liquid f requiredfthroughout a 4drilling "operation may,

* therefore,V be predetermined since itis v`\'lefiritely f proportionate t'o the"dim'ensions of the cutting v :During tting tool, foradvancingvthe kerf 46,".pr'essure`.

the ensuingv rotary motion ofthe cut- I iluid'is supplied to the chamber 38.V It` ows throughthe passages 4 I to the bottom of thekerf `lli and dislodges the Lcuttings from thejworking surface.`

f yThe pressure fluid impels carriesthe cuttingsrupwardly through the liquid 41,' and when AtheV cuttings rise abo'velthe cutting toolithey are deflected inwardly'bythe .expanding .columntof V'i pressure fluid and precipitated into theaccumVu-e lator chamberfl.V Substantiallyall the vflne'par-` ticles cutfrom the-rock wil-l be depositedk infthe chamberA I9 in thismanner` and-are removed to drawn from .the drill hole, as/when a core ofthe extent.V which the cutting tool .will Y accommodate hassbeencut fromk the After the drilling apparatus has been removed from the drill hole the comparatively small body As wm bereaduy appreciated, `by immersina `the cutting tool inonly [sufilcientrwater lto cover' it only a small amount of water need be hank dled as compared with -devicesrequiring .continuous streams ofwater throughout the f a entire operationfox'-I maintaining; acleanwork, I[ingr surface. e that byypa'ssingthev pressure `iluid through the n [wall ofthe cutting tool directly. toV the v`cutting teeth the pressure fluid,willfexertno,substantial1^ lifting effectupon theldrilling apparati as would ``k be the casewere the -pressure-,iiuidintroducedj a It will.; moreover'. be ,-.ppreciated between the'icore'j' `and thev wallr forming the.

bottimi lof the II. `By conveying thev i pressure fluid directly to the cutting teeth through channels in the cutting .toolsuch pressure fluid will escape to the atmosphere through the clearance developedbetweenthecutting .tool and Y the wall ofthedrillholzlfg. e l

' I claim:A f

' 1. A rotary`cuttingftoolfcornprisinganeouter tubular member mit!"arxlinneifIimperforatePeupshapememberfcuttingelementsjon the" means on the outer member cooperating with end ofthe .cupe-shaped member 4to vdennea'clamberffor cleansing V-iluidfarul vmeans 'foi'.holclixig` the membersl in with# respect `.to

Aeach other and to; withxthexssid krnexn-` i a bers to denne a passagewaylforconveyingfcleansi f 5 ving -iluidk fromjthechamber-,to the vcuttingfele- Inignts'v f* e Y i j z -la '2.2. 1; 2.1 A` rotary cutting tool, oo rnprisinlsftube.l a transverse "wall in the intuire;` la second-tube t within the .firstslid tube 'lmvlllgarili'l'iperfor'lte` end Awall cooperating with y met.; v

pressure duid, fcutting on tubes, yand fluid from the chamber. tofeach'of thecutting spacers between thetubes andreooperatingthere-1: with tos'den'e'passages forgconveying pressure 

